殺生(sheng)劑(ji)如(ru)何分類?什么是氧化性和非化性殺生劑?

重(zhong)慶恒諾水(shui)處(chu)理設(she)備有限公(gong)司(si)從事水(shui)處(chu)理事業十多年，已成為重慶純水、超純水設備(bei)，重(zhong)慶實驗室超(chao)(chao)純水設備，重(zhong)慶工(gong)業電子(zi)級超(chao)(chao)純水設備,重慶實驗(yan)室廢(fei)水系統，重慶礦用水處(chu)理(li)設(she)備的(de)專業(ye)生(sheng)產廠家，致(zhi)力于(yu)為客戶提供優(you)質的(de)水處理(li)解決方案，今天分享氧化性(xing)和(he)非(fei)化性(xing)殺生劑問(wen)題(ti)，供大家參考。

化學殺(sha)生法(fa)所用的殺(sha)生劑可從不同(tong)角度(du)進(jin)行分類。

按(an)其對微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物殺(sha)(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的程度可分為(wei)微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物殺(sha)(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物抑制劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。前者(zhe)能(neng)在短時間內產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)各種生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物效應，真正(zheng)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)死微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物，多(duo)為(wei)強氧(yang)化(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。后者(zhe)不能(neng)大量殺(sha)(sha)(sha)死微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物，而是(shi)阻止其繁殖，以(yi)達(da)到控制微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物數(shu)量的目的。按(an)照殺(sha)(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的化(hua)學成分可分為(wei)無(wu)機(ji)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)有(you)機(ji)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。按(an)照殺(sha)(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的殺(sha)(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)機(ji)制可分為(wei)氧(yang)化(hua)性殺(sha)(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)非氧(yang)化(hua)性殺(sha)(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。

氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)性殺生劑(ji)是具有氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)性質的(de)殺生藥劑(ji)，通常是強氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)劑(ji)。能氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)微生物體內起(qi)代謝(xie)作用的(de)酶，從(cong)而殺滅微生物。鹵素中的(de)氯(lv)(lv)、溴、碘和臭氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)、雙氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)水(shui)、過(guo)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)乙酸(suan)(suan)、過(guo)一硫酸(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)、高鐵酸(suan)(suan)鉀(jia)等(deng)都屬王(wang)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)性殺生劑(ji)。但在循環(huan)冷卻水(shui)中最(zui)常用的(de)只是氯(lv)(lv)及(ji)(ji)其化(hua)(hua)合物，如液氯(lv)(lv)、次(ci)(ci)氯(lv)(lv)酸(suan)(suan)鈉、次(ci)(ci)氯(lv)(lv)酸(suan)(suan)鈣、漂白粉、氯(lv)(lv)化(hua)(hua)異氰尿酸(suan)(suan)及(ji)(ji)二氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)氯(lv)(lv)@。近年溴化合(he)物(wu)已用于循環冷卻水系統，其發展也越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)受到重視(shi)。

非氧化(hua)性殺(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)劑不以(yi)氧化(hua)作用(yong)(yong)殺(sha)死微生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)，而是(shi)以(yi)致(zhi)毒(du)劑作用(yong)(yong)于微生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)的(de)特殊部位，以(yi)各種方(fang)式殺(sha)傷(shang)或(huo)抑制微生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)。非氧化(hua)性殺(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)劑的(de)殺(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)作用(yong)(yong)不受水中還原性物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)的(de)影響，一(yi)般對pH值(zhi)變(bian)化不(bu)敏(min)感。非氧化性(xing)殺(sha)生劑(ji)的(de)品種(zhong)很多。按其(qi)化學成分(fen)有氯(lv)酚類(lei)(lei)、有機硫類(lei)(lei)、胺類(lei)(lei)、季銨鹽類(lei)(lei)、醌類(lei)(lei)、烯類(lei)(lei)、醛(quan)類(lei)(lei)、重金屬類(lei)(lei)等(deng)(deng)。考(kao)慮(lv)其(qi)殺(sha)生力、排放余毒及費用等(deng)(deng)各方面的(de)情(qing)況，實際在循環冷卻水系統中(zhong)常(chang)用的(de)品種(zhong)并不(bu)多。最常(chang)用的(de)是季銨鹽、二硫氰酸甲酯、異噻唑啉酮、戊二醛(quan)等(deng)(deng)。近年開發的(de)季錛鹽也已用于生產(chan)。

循環冷(leng)卻水(shui)系統的(de)(de)殺生(sheng)(sheng)一般(ban)以(yi)(yi)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)性(xing)(xing)(xing)殺生(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)主，多(duo)采(cai)用氯、異氰尿酸或二氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)氯為(wei)(wei)經常性(xing)(xing)(xing)殺生(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)，輔助使用非氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)性(xing)(xing)(xing)殺生(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)。氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)性(xing)(xing)(xing)殺生(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)殺生(sheng)(sheng)力強(qiang)、價廉，其(qi)不(bu)足之處是(shi)在水(shui)中還(huan)原性(xing)(xing)(xing)物質含(han)量多(duo)時藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)消(xiao)耗量大(da)、效率降低。非氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)性(xing)(xing)(xing)殺生(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)可以(yi)(yi)彌(mi)補氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)性(xing)(xing)(xing)殺生(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)之不(bu)足，它對污垢(gou)的(de)(de)滲透及剝離作用也優(you)于氯。非氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)性(xing)(xing)(xing)

殺(sha)生(sheng)劑(ji)如作(zuo)為主要殺(sha)生(sheng)手段經(jing)常地使用則費用很高，故一般與氧(yang)化性殺(sha)生(sheng)劑(ji)配合使用，常常在單用氧(yang)化性殺(sha)生(sheng)劑(ji)有困難(nan)的時候輔助(zhu)作(zuo)用。

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