反滲透(tou)膜(mo)分離技(ji)術的基本原(yuan)理

重慶恒諾水(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)設(she)備(bei)有(you)限公(gong)司(si)從(cong)事水(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)事業十一年，已(yi)成為(wei)純水(shui)、超純水(shui)設(she)備(bei)，實驗室超純水(shui)設(she)備(bei)，工業電(dian)子(zi)級(ji)超純水(shui)設(she)備(bei),實驗室綜(zong)合廢水(shui)系統，礦用超純水(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)設(she)備(bei)的(de)專業生產廠家，以客戶需求為(wei)中心，致(zhi)力于為(wei)客戶創造價值，提(ti)供最(zui)優質(zhi)最(zui)實惠的(de)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)解決(jue)方案，今(jin)天分享：

反滲(shen)透(tou)膜分離技術的基本原理

在相(xiang)同的外壓下，當溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)與純溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)為半透(tou)(tou)(tou)膜隔開時(shi)，純溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)會通(tong)(tong)過(guo)半透(tou)(tou)(tou)膜使溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)變(bian)淡的現象稱為滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)。這時(shi)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)分(fen)子在單(dan)(dan)位(wei)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)內(nei)(nei)進入溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)內(nei)(nei)的數(shu)目(mu)要比溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)內(nei)(nei)的溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)分(fen)子在同一時(shi)間(jian)(jian)內(nei)(nei)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)半透(tou)(tou)(tou)膜進入純溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)內(nei)(nei)的數(shu)目(mu)多。表面上(shang)看來(lai)，溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)半透(tou)(tou)(tou)膜滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)到溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)中，使得溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)體積增大(da)，濃度變(bian)稀，當單(dan)(dan)位(wei)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)內(nei)(nei)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)分(fen)子從(cong)兩個相(xiang)反的方向穿過(guo)半透(tou)(tou)(tou)膜的數(shu)目(mu)彼此相(xiang)等，即達到滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)平衡。滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)必(bi)須通(tong)(tong)過(guo)一種膜來(lai)進行(xing)，這種膜只能允許溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)分(fen)子通(tong)(tong)過(guo)，而(er)不允許溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)質的分(fen)子通(tong)(tong)過(guo)，因此稱之為半透(tou)(tou)(tou)膜。

當半(ban)透(tou)膜隔開溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與純溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)時，加在原溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)上(shang)使(shi)其恰(qia)好能阻(zu)止純溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)進入溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的額外壓力稱之為滲(shen)透(tou)壓，通常溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)愈(yu)(yu)濃(nong)，溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的滲(shen)透(tou)壓愈(yu)(yu)大。如果加在溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)上(shang)的壓力超過(guo)了(le)滲(shen)透(tou)壓，則反而使(shi)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中的溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)向純溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)方向流動，這個過(guo)程叫做反滲(shen)透(tou)。反滲(shen)透(tou)膜分離技術就是利用反滲(shen)透(tou)原理進行分離的方法(fa)。